JADA December 2018

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for several chronic diseases, and scientific evidence suggests an association between obesity and oral diseases. In this study, the authors estimated the prevalence of risk factors for caries, dental erosion, and periodontal disease in a group of obese patients referred for bariatric surgery.

Key Words:  Caries; obesity; oral health; dental erosion.

JADA December 2018

Background: The effect of Early Head Start (EHS) on receipt of preventive oral health services (POHS) from both oral and medical health care providers is not known.

Key Words:  Early intervention (education); preventive health services; preventive dentistry; oral health care for children; health services research; health care disparities; integration.

JADA December 2018

Background: The prescribing practices of dental professionals may play an important role in the opioid epidemic. The authors performed a scoping review of the current original research literature on dental professionals’ prescribing practices for opioid analgesics published from 2000 through 2017.

Key Words:  Dental professionals’ opioid prescribing; opioid prescription practice; opioids; dental pain.

This eLearning course is a recording from 2018 Children's Airway Health - A Practical Conference

Learning Objectives:

1. Discuss the clinician’s role in inquiriying about snoring during routine health maintenance visits
2. Learn about polysomnography and alternative tests for determining OSA
3. Discuss treatment options for different patients with OSA and patient referrals

This eLearning course is a recording from 2018 Children's Airway Health - A Practical Conference

Learning Objectives:

1. Describe typical mouth and airway development/function and explain disruptions in mouth and airway development/function
2. Describe and explain assessment of disruptions in mouth and airway development/function
3. Discuss airway screenings for myofunctional intervention in the dental office

This eLearning course is a recording from 2018 Children's Airway Health - A Practical Conference

Learning Objectives:

• Understand the prevalence of OSA in adult and pediatric populations and the nature of current diagnostic methods for screenings
• Discuss the opportunities for risk stratification and prioritization for therapy
• Discuss the necessity of more personalized threapeutic algorithms adjusted for resource availabilty settings

JADA January 2018
The authors assessed whether dentists’ diagnostic inferences differ when test accuracy information is communicated using natural frequencies versus conditional probabilities. A parallel, randomized controlled trial with dentists was carried out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The dentists received a question on the probability of a patient having interproximal caries, given a positive bite-wing radiograph. This question was asked using information that was formulated into either natural frequencies or conditional probabilities.

Key Words: Diagnosis; communication barriers; persuasive communication; health education; risk; probability.

JADA January 2018
Oropharyngeal cancers related to human papillomavirus (HPV) are on the rise. Dentists may be the next group of providers articipating in the prevention of HPV. The aim of this study was to assess dentists’ health literacy regarding the connection of HPV and oropharyngeal cancer. The authors conducted 4 focus groups with dentists (N = 33) during a regional dental conference in 2016. Guided by the health literacy competencies (that is, access, understand, appraise, and apply), the authors used constant comparison methods for data analysis.

Key Words: Human papillomavirus; HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer; dentists; health literacy; HPV vaccine.

JADA March 2018
Patient engagement through web-based patient health portals (PHP) can offer important benefits to patients and provider organizations by improving both quality and access to care. The authors studied the most relevant, patient-identified, oral health information available in the PHP to inform their assessment of patient-centered care. The authors distributed a 17-question, paper-based survey to patients aged 18 through 80 years in the waiting rooms of 8 dental centers in Wisconsin. Descriptive statistics, along with differences in percentages by sex, age group, and metropolitan status were reported using the c2 and Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Key Words: Patient-centered care; electronic health records; patient portals; surveys and questionnaires; oral health.

JADA January 2018
Patient safety is a priority in dentistry. Evaluating the benefits and harms associated with the addition of capnography to standard monitoring during moderate sedation for adult patients in the dental practice setting is needed. The authors used rapid review methodology to identify relevant systematic reviews, which they updated through a systematic search by using the same search strategy as the identified reviews. The authors searched PubMed and Google Scholar and through the references of the identified systematic reviews, which yielded 2,892 studies. Inclusion criteria were that the article was available in English, was original research in adult humans who had undergone moderate procedural sedation, and involved comparing standard monitoring with the addition of capnography.

Key Words: Capnography; moderate sedation; procedural sedation; hypoxemia; respiratory events; sedation quality.

JADA February 2018
The dental setting is a potential venue for identifying patients experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). The study objective was to assess dentists’ current practices and attitudes about IPV screening. A nationally representative survey of US general dentists assessed dentists’ use of health history forms that queried about IPV and their acceptance of IPV screening as part of their professional roles. Parsimonious Poisson regression models were used in multivariable analysis to estimate risk ratios for the 2 dependent variables.

Key Words: Intimate partner violence; oral health; screening.

JADA February 2018
The primary objective of this systematic review was to investigate the survival of full-coverage restorations fabricated by using digital impressions (DIs) versus that of those fabricated by using conventional impressions. The authors also compared secondary outcomes of marginal and internal fit and occlusal and interproximal contacts. The authors conducted a systematic literature search in multiple databases to identify clinical trials with no restrictions by publication type, date, or language. The authors assessed study-level risk of bias and outcome-level strength of evidence. The authors performed a meta-analysis by using a random-effects model.

Key Words: Crowns survival; CAD-CAM; marginal adaptation; internal fit; systematic review; meta-analysis.

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